sunarma.id

Hasil Awal Pengembangan Metode Induced-Breeding dan Perkembangan Embrio Ikan Gurame

A. Sunarma, Subandri, P. Sumedi

Makalah dipresentasikan pada “Konferensi Sains Kelautan dan Perikanan”, Masyarakat Sains Kelautan dan Perikanan, Bogor 17 – 18 Juli 2007

First Result of Artificial Breeding Method and Embryo Development on Gouramy

A. Sunarma, Subandri, P. Sumedi

Paper presented in : “Fisheries and Marine Science Conference”, Indonesian Fisheries and Marine Society, Bogor, July 17-18 2007

Abstrak
Ikan gurame (Indonesian Giant Goramy, Osphronemus goramy Lacapede) merupakan ikan asli perairan Indonesia. Ikan ini telah lama dibudidayakan secara tradisional namun belum banyak laporan atau publikasi ilmiah mengenai aspek fisiologi reproduksinya. Penelitian mengenai pemijahan buatan dan perkembangan embrio gurame telah dilakukan sebagai bagian dari upaya peningkatan produktifitas budidaya ikan ini.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ikan gurame dapat dipijahkan buatan setelah diinduksi kombinasi hormon GnRHa dengan domperidone (Ovaprim, Syndel) dosis 0,7 ml/kg secara intra-muskular. Penyuntikan induk betina dilakukan dua kali dengan rentang waktu 12 jam, dosis pertama 1/3 dan kedua 2/3 dari dosis total. Ovulasi pada induk betina dicapai setelah waktu laten 27 jam. Baik sperma maupun telur dapat dikeluarkan dengan cara pengurutan dan pembuahan berhasil dilakukan dengan metode kering. Pada temperatur inkubasi 29 – 30 oC, tahap pembelahan menjadi 2 sel, 4 sel, 8 sel, morula, blastula, gastrula awal, gastrula tengah, gastrula akhir, neurula, somit dan tailbud masing-masing terjadi 30 menit, 45 menit, 75 menit, 2.30 jam, 5 jam, 8.30 jam, 10.30 jam, 12 jam, 14.30 jam, 18.30 jam dan 20.30 jam setelah pencampuran sperma dengan telur. Pembentukan mata dan penetasan pertama masing-masing terjadi 24 jam dan 27 jam setelah pencampuran. Tingkat penetasan telur mencapai 1,83% dan kelangsungan hidup larva sampai umur 14 hari mencapai 100%.

Kata kunci : pemijahan buatan, perkembangan larva, ikan gurame

Abstract

Indonesian Giant Goramy, Osphronemus goramy, is an indigenous species in Indonesian freshwater. The fish has been traditionally cultivating for a long time, however, were only limited number of scientific publication on it’s reproductive physiology. A research on induced breeding and its embryological development of goramy had been carried out as a part of ongoing efforts to increase aquaculture productivity.
The results showed that the goramy could be induced to spawn after two intra-muscular hormonal induction using combination of GnRHa and domperidone at dose 0,7 ml/kg. The priming dose was 1/3 of the total dose and the resolving dose was 2/3 of the total dose. The female ovulated at 27 hours post induction. Sperm and egg could be aspirated by hand-stripped and successfully fertilized by dry method. Embryonic stages of 2 cells, 4 cells, 8 cells, morula, blastula, early gastrula, mid gastrula, late gastrula, neurula, somit and tailbud were achieved at 30 minutes, 45 minutes, 75 minutes, 2.30 hours, 5 hours, 8.30 hours, 10.30 hours, 12 hours, 14.30 hours, 18.30 hours and 20.30 hours after sperm and egg mixed, respectively. Eyed stage and first hatching was observed at 27 hours after fertilization. Hatching rate and survival rate (age 14 days) were 1.83% and 100%, respectively.

keywords: artificial breeding (induced breeding), embryonic development, Osphronemus goramy (gourami, gurame, gurami)

Paper in Indonesian